A ten-year-old, female Malinois shepherd was presented with a large swelling caudally of themandibula and at the base of the throat. On cytological examination, a hematoma was diagnosed bymeans of a fine needle aspiration. Coincidentally, some Dirofilaria repens microfilariae were observedin the slide-out. Next to the case description, a review of the literature of Dirofilaria repens is given.