Recent developments in the assisted reproduction in horses allow to breed foals from sub- and infertilemares, as well as from recently deceased mares or stallions. Oocytes can be obtained from live donormares by ovum pick-up (OPU), by flushing oocytes from follicles using a transvaginal or transabdominalapproach. Post mortem oocytes can be obtained by scraping the follicles. After oocyte maturation, theoocytes can be fertilized in vitro or can be transferred to the oviduct of an inseminated recipient mare (invivo). Since conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) is very unsuccessful in the horse, fertilization isperformed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). After ICSI, the fertilized oocytes can be transferredto the oviduct of a synchronized recipient mare or further cultured in vitro up to the blastocyst stage.Subsequently, obtained blastocyts can be transferred to the uterus of a recipient mare. In this article, in vitroembryo production in the horse is highlighted, and possible advantages and disadvantages and clinicaland scientific applications are reviewed.