The French heartworm Angiostrongylus vasorum is a parasitic nematode that lives in the pulmonary vesselsand the heart of canids. Transmission occurs through ingestion of infected intermediate hosts, such as snailsand slugs. There are increasing reports of autochthonous infections in our neighbouring countries. Clinicalsigns usually relate to the respiratory system, coagulopathy and the neurologic system. Anorexia,gastrointestinal dysfunction and weight loss are also frequently observed. Diagnosis is not straightforward, butabnormalities detected by thoracic radiography, echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) orcomputed tomography (CT) scan can be helpful. Eosinophilia, regenerative anemia and thrombocytopeniawith or without abnormalities in the coagulation profile can occur. Definitive diagnosis is made bydemonstrating the parasite in the cerebrospinal fluid, in faeces (Baermann technique) and/or in bronchoalveolarlavage fluid. Treatment consists of anthelmintic drugs and supportive care if necessary.