Canine distempervirus (CDV) belongs to the genus morbillivirus, family Paramyxoviridae. CDV is the causativeagent of a severe systemic disease in dogs characterized by fever, immunosuppression, pneumonia, enteritis andneurologic signs. There are several diagnostic tools, pre and post mortal, for identifying CDV. Vaccination has ledto a decrease in the incidence of CDV-related disease in canine populations in our regions. Nevertheless, in the pastfew years, several episodes of CDV in vaccinated animals have been reported. This article gives a review of theagent, epidemiology, pathogenesis, injuries, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention of caninedistemper virus in dogs.