The first successful artificial insemination in cats was described 40 years ago. However, the inseminationin cats is at present not as commonly performed in daily veterinary practice as the insemination in dogs dueto the practical difficulties in collecting a sperm sample from the tomcat, the small volume of the spermobtained, the few possibilities to determine the optimal timing of insemination and the need for ovulationinduction and sedation of the queen. Recently, a new and practical method has been described for spermcollection, using urethral catheterization after sedation of the tomcat with medetomidine. Sperm cansubsequently be inseminated in the vagina or directly into the uterus by laparotomy or transcervicalcatheterization.