Chinchillas are prone to develop a wide range of dental pathologies. The most common one is malocclusion,a condition in which the teeth are misaligned and/or incorrectly positioned in relation to one another.Odontomas, caries, tooth resorption, and periodontal and endodontic diseases have also been reported. Thisarticle presents an overview of the specific anatomy and the most common dental pathologies of chinchillas,including the various aspects of the clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of these pathologies.