After detecting fungal organisms in smears of enlarged peripheral lymph nodes in a dog, determination wasperformed through culturing and genetic typing. The fungus was identified as Penicillium radicum by amplificationof fungal DNA encoding of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and comparison with DNAdatabases. In vitro susceptibility testing revealed multiresistance. In the literature, P. radicum is mentioned as aphosphate solubilizing agent used in agriculture for promoting plant growth. This is the first publication of a disseminatedP. radicum infection in a dog. The generalized lymphadenopathy and hypercalcemia strongly resembleda multicentric lymphoma.Hypercalcemia in granulomatous diseases, including disseminated fungal infections, is caused by activatedmacrophages possessing 1α-hydroxylase, which is able to convert 25-hydroxyvitamin-D into calcitriol. Althoughdisseminated fungal infections are extremely rare in The Netherlands and Belgium, they should be included inthe differential diagnosis of dogs with multicentric lymphadenopathy and hypercalcemia.