Numerous complications can be encountered during or after performing dental extractions in man,or in animals regularly seen in veterinary practice, including dogs and cats, lagomorphs, rodents and thehorse. Obvious determinant factors for intraoperative complications related to tooth extraction are surgicalexpertise and the availability of specialized instruments. The most commonly seen problems during anextraction procedure include tooth fracture and damage of surrounding structures such as neighboringteeth, soft tissues and the surrounding bone. Postoperative complications are mainly related to the persistenceor development of infection in and around the vacant alveolus. Rarely encountered post-extractionproblems include jaw fracture, local nerve dysfunction and spread of infection to more distant locationsincluding sinuses and the central nervous system. In the hypsodont dentition of lagomorphs, rodents andhorses, tooth loss may induce the development of wear abnormalities due to the continuous eruption oftheir teeth.